Pediatric Brain Death Examination — Educational Resource

This resource is intended for licensed clinicians and trainees involved in the care of critically ill patients.

Introduction

Brain death — formally known as death by neurologic criteria (DNC) — is one of the most consequential determinations a clinician will make. It requires a precise, protocol-driven examination, clear communication, and an unwavering understanding of the underlying physiology.

This video demonstrates a complete pediatric brain death examination performed on a simulation mannequin at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, following current national guidelines. It was developed as part of a virtual course on brain death led by faculty from CHOP and the University of Pennsylvania.

Whether you are a fellow preparing for your first examination, an attending seeking a structured refresher, or an educator building a curriculum — this resource is for you.

Watch the Examination

Filmed April 23, 2026 · Colket Translational Research Building Simulation Center, CHOP · Pediatric simulation mannequin

Topics Covered

The examination demonstrated in this video reflects current American Academy of Neurology (AAN) and Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) guidelines for pediatric brain death determination.

Prerequisites and preconditions for brain death testing
Coma examination and absence of brainstem reflexes
Pupillary and corneal reflex assessment
Oculocephalic and oculovestibular reflex testing
Gag and cough reflex evaluation
Apnea test — respiratory drive assessment
Documentation and clinical standards

About the Presenters

Matthew Kirschen, MD PhD MSCE

Associate Professor · UPenn / CHOP

Director, Pediatric Neurocritical Care
Director, PNCC Fellowship Program
Dept. of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine
Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Emma Mazzio, MD

Co-Instructor · CHOP

Dept. of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine
Pediatric Critical Care
Co-developer, Virtual Brain Death Course

Who Is This For?

This resource is designed for clinicians and trainees worldwide across a range of specialties:

Pediatric & adult intensivists Neurologists & neurocritical care specialists Anesthesiologists Emergency medicine physicians Neurosurgeons Pediatric hospitalists Nurse practitioners & physician assistants Residents, fellows & students Nurse educators & clinical educators

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